Showing posts with label What is DMR?. Show all posts
Showing posts with label What is DMR?. Show all posts
Intro to DMR
This is a forum from the 2015 Dayton Hamvention, introducing you to the
DMR - Digital Mobile Radio (aka MotoTRBO) - a digital voice mode for
VHF/UHF that is becoming more and more popular in Amateur Radio. The
forum is presented by John Burningham W2XAB. John won't take you all the
way through programming a radio, but he'll make you knowledgeable
enough to take the next step if you get interested.
Electricity Cost Per Minute on DMR-MARC Network
Electricity Cost Per Minute on DMR-MARC Network
[MOTOTRBO] Cost projection on DMR based on breadth of the TG site coverage.
I got bored, took the local 'pyramid' of talk group repeater count spread, applied the electrical costs for a repeater at 45W transmit, and multiplied that out over increasing talkgroup repeater counts.
Kind of interesting, basically 20min of tx time on North America roughs out at $4 in electricity consumption alone.
I did this as a tool to show people the significance of minimizing the reach of the talk group used to make a contact.
[MOTOTRBO] Cost projection on DMR based on breadth of the TG site coverage.
I got bored, took the local 'pyramid' of talk group repeater count spread, applied the electrical costs for a repeater at 45W transmit, and multiplied that out over increasing talkgroup repeater counts.
Kind of interesting, basically 20min of tx time on North America roughs out at $4 in electricity consumption alone.
I did this as a tool to show people the significance of minimizing the reach of the talk group used to make a contact.
Intro - Why?
Electricity Cost Per Minute While Transmitting on the DMR-MARC/NEDECN Network - de KC2RGW 11/15/2015 rev.2.1
So out of boredom I was wondering what it actually costs in electricity when you multiply the effect of a user transmitting on the DMR-MARC network (NEDECN biased). I’m doing this as an illustrative tool for people to think about how they use the network from a localization and least number of repeaters impact to make their contacts.
This isn’t meant as any sort of environmental impact statement or even one that is very specific to DMR technology. It is however specific to DMR in the way a single user has power and leverage over a vast network of resources. Site per site, if anything, DMR should be more efficient than analog due to efficiency of throughput with TDMA and the lower duty cycle of the mode.
Metrics
Single repeater power consumption:
- A Motorola 8400 repeater runs at roughly 120V AC @ 4A on transmit
- Taken from Motorola’s data sheet
- This works out to 480W consumption.
- So a revision here...at 45W output we had a site owner measure actual consumption at 144W with a Kill-A-Watt meter on the source. Figures have been dropped to reflect this.
- I used $0.12 kW/hr as a rough cost for power
- This is lower than it is locally, but national avg is $0.10 kW/hr
- I adjusted to $0.10 kW/hr in the revision as well but remember, some areas are over $0.15 kW/hr
- The cost per hour in transmit mode is about $0.0144 <- revised as well
- This works out to $0.00024/minute for a single repeater while it is in transmit
DMR [Ontario] UHF Net
DMR NET - START
Starting : November 2015
Date : Sunday Nights at 9:00 p.m
Notification to be sent out to all Repeater Owner to share with local users two weeks before the Start : November 2015
DMR Ontario UHF Net
http://dmrnet.blogspot.ca/ ...please vote.
.
Hytera repeater network is NOT part of DMR-MARC
The Hytera repeater network is NOT part of DMR-MARC, nor will it ever be. That is an independent DMR network with an incompatible IPSC platform. MotoTRBO repeaters are required for all DMR-MARC affiliates.
Read from : DMR-Marc.net
http://www.dmr-marc.net/repeaters.html
Read from : DMR-Marc.net
http://www.dmr-marc.net/repeaters.html
AOR | MOTOTRBO | DMR scanner
The AR-DV1 is the first scanning receiver of its kind to receive and decode virtually ALL popular digital modes including:
MOTOTRBO™
DMR
dPMR™
APCO P25
NXDN™
Icom D-Star™
Digital CR
Yaesu
Kenwood®
Alinco EJ-47U
PLUS conventional analog signals including:
AM, wide and narrow FM, upper and lower sideband and CW modes
The AR-DV1 can be operated independently or computer controlled for easier programming and monitoring. It features:
• wide band reception from 100kHz to 1300MHz*
• a micro USB computer interface
• built-in SD/SDHC card reader for audio recording
• CSV memory data capability for frequency uploads/downloads and firmware updates
• 2000 memory channels (50 channels X 40 banks) that can be stored in the receiver using individualized data for each channel that includes frequency, alpha-numeric channel labels, mode, and more
The AR-DV1 is designed to give monitoring operators the ability to monitor a wide variety of digital and analog frequencies making it particularly useful in areas where government, law enforcement, amateur radio operators and public safety agencies use different digital formats.
AOR is the first and only manufacturer to offer stand-alone (PC-less) automatic decoding of so many digital modes! A prototype of AR-DV1 was presented for the first time at last year’s HAMFAIR in Tokyo on Aug. 23/24, and attracted a lot of attention from the visitors!
A brochure with basic specifications can be downloaded here.
*Cellular frequencies blocked in the US. Product and brand names used are for identification purposes only. All trademarks remain the property of their respective owners.
http://aorusa.com/whatsnew/
An interesting breakdown of DMR membership by country
An interesting breakdown of DMR membership by country
Summary of files containing DMR IDs and Callsigns grouped by Country
Brought to you by VA3AGV, Last updated: 2015-09-21
Full list::
DMR-MARC Network - http://dmrnetwork.blogspot.com/
Summary of files containing DMR IDs and Callsigns grouped by Country
Brought to you by VA3AGV, Last updated: 2015-09-21
Full list::
DMR-MARC Network - http://dmrnetwork.blogspot.com/
------ -------------------------------------------------
IDs Country
------ -------------------------------------------------
1 DMR-Contacts ALGERIA
1 DMR Contacts ARGENTINA-REPUBLIC
233 DMR Contacts AUSTRALIA
457 DMR Contacts AUSTRIA
1 DMR Contacts BAHAMAS
423 DMR Contacts BELGIUM
3 DMR Contacts BELIZE
2 DMR Contacts BOSNIA-AND-HERCEGOVI
40 DMR Contacts BRASIL-BRAZIL
3 DMR Contacts BULGARIA
5 DMR Contacts BULGARIEN
37 DMR Contacts CANADA ALBERTA
61 DMR Contacts CANADA BRITISH-COLUMBIA
17 DMR Contacts CANADA MANITOBA
24 DMR Contacts CANADA NEW-BRUNSWICK
1 DMR Contacts CANADA NEWFOUNDLAND
3 DMR Contacts CANADA NOVA-SCOTIA
373 DMR Contacts CANADA ONTARIO
1 DMR Contacts CANADA PRINCE-EDWARD-ISLAND
120 DMR Contacts CANADA QUEBEC
637 DMR Contacts CANADA
101 DMR Contacts CHILE
286 DMR Contacts CHINA
1 DMR Contacts COLOMBIA
IDs Country
------ -------------------------------------------------
1 DMR-Contacts ALGERIA
1 DMR Contacts ARGENTINA-REPUBLIC
233 DMR Contacts AUSTRALIA
457 DMR Contacts AUSTRIA
1 DMR Contacts BAHAMAS
423 DMR Contacts BELGIUM
3 DMR Contacts BELIZE
2 DMR Contacts BOSNIA-AND-HERCEGOVI
40 DMR Contacts BRASIL-BRAZIL
3 DMR Contacts BULGARIA
5 DMR Contacts BULGARIEN
37 DMR Contacts CANADA ALBERTA
61 DMR Contacts CANADA BRITISH-COLUMBIA
17 DMR Contacts CANADA MANITOBA
24 DMR Contacts CANADA NEW-BRUNSWICK
1 DMR Contacts CANADA NEWFOUNDLAND
3 DMR Contacts CANADA NOVA-SCOTIA
373 DMR Contacts CANADA ONTARIO
1 DMR Contacts CANADA PRINCE-EDWARD-ISLAND
120 DMR Contacts CANADA QUEBEC
637 DMR Contacts CANADA
101 DMR Contacts CHILE
286 DMR Contacts CHINA
1 DMR Contacts COLOMBIA
UHF digital hotspot It support D-Star DMR and C4FM
For those interested in digital communications, like D-Star, DMR and C4FM there’s a new dongle who will be coming out soon. I was lucky enough to get 2 of them earlier, you will find bellow the first video and my first tests with the DV4mini. I made a C4FM link with 2 sticks between a simplex frequency and my repeater through the Internet. With two sticks I’m able to reach my repeater from any Internet connection without losing any information (data). I did my first D-Star test this afternoon with success, stay tune for the video.
This is a great UHF digital hotspot. It’s support D-Star DMR and C4FM.
Very promising technology.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4oYpyrjcXBc
This is a great UHF digital hotspot. It’s support D-Star DMR and C4FM.
Very promising technology.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4oYpyrjcXBc
Digital Voice Standards - MicroHAMS Digital Conference 2015
John Hays from Northwest Digital Radio, does a great job of comparing
the major digital voice options we have for Amateur Radio. He covers
D-Star, DMR, System Fusion from Yaesu and the only Open Source option:
FreeDV. The first three all use the same AMBE vocoder so these systems
have a lot in common. Even so, they are not too compatible.
But John has a treat for us. He has developed a controller board that will all the Yaesu DR-1X System Fusion Repeater to upgrade from Dual-Mode to Tri-Mode and run D-Star, System Fusion and traditional Analog FM all in one box. Scrub ahead to 42:16 if you want to dive right into this part of his talk.
But John has a treat for us. He has developed a controller board that will all the Yaesu DR-1X System Fusion Repeater to upgrade from Dual-Mode to Tri-Mode and run D-Star, System Fusion and traditional Analog FM all in one box. Scrub ahead to 42:16 if you want to dive right into this part of his talk.
D-STAR and DMR HotSpot
DV4mini news (D-STAR and DMR HotSpot):
Advance Notice
NEW! Production has started, price and lead time will be announced after
HAM RADIO fair. NEW!
One of the first (or even the first?) D-Star and DMR Hotspots worldwide!
Reservations: If you want to be part of the first production run you can reserve a DV4mini (not binding).
Just send us a note using the contact form of the shop.
We will then reserve the quantity and you will be notified at your email address as soon as an official order can be made.
Advance Notice
NEW! Production has started, price and lead time will be announced after
HAM RADIO fair. NEW!
One of the first (or even the first?) D-Star and DMR Hotspots worldwide!
Reservations: If you want to be part of the first production run you can reserve a DV4mini (not binding).
Just send us a note using the contact form of the shop.
We will then reserve the quantity and you will be notified at your email address as soon as an official order can be made.
Trying to understand the structure for DMR
Trying to understand the structure for DMR
Defined on your Radio: zones, scan-lists, rx-group, contact list, channels
Defined on DMR repeaters and bridges: talk groups, time-slots, color-codes
A zone is a list of channels on your radio that you can select. Some radios have dials, others have buttons to select zones. Within a zone you select channels either manual (dial or buttons) or by use of a scanlist that goes thru all channels in a scanlist automatically. A talk group is like a VLAN tag in network lingo, or, in analog repeaters like a CCTS (continuous coded tone squelch).
Most radios and programing references I have seen, define on each memory channel a frequency, color-code, timeslot, and talk-group combination treating each TG as a channel which you can select or scan thru. This will use a lot of channels for the number of repeaters and Talk groups one is interested in. As your radio is scanning and a finds a busy channel, the radio will wait a "scan hang time” on that channel during which you can press PTT to answer. If you are outside of the hang time, you may be transmitting on a different TG/channel combination as you would similarly do when scanning analog channels on a non-dmr radio.
Scan memberships are defined in each channel and you can select if scanning is to start as soon as you tune to that channel. Radios also allow you via the menu button to initiate or turn off scanning and/or select scanlists.
Audio Quality: Dstar vs. P25 vs. DMR
I have no experience with D-STAR but I've heard complaints from other hams about D* audio quality. You are not alone. I do have experience with Kenwood NEXEDGE, iCom iDAS, P25 (phase
1), and DMR/MOTOTRBO.
From my experiences, Kenwood's NEXEDGE (NXDN) and Icom's iDAS (also NXDN) sound very much like P25. The differences are subtle and it's hard to tell which sounds better or more natural sounding compared to the other. OTOH, DMR totally blows away P25 and NXDN, still sounding a little nasily but much more natural and less robotic than P25 or NXDN. It follows that DMR would also blow away D* in overall audio quality.
My vote for best digital 2-way communications audio is DMR.
Lately I've been selling off my Kenwood NEXEDGE (NXDN) digital radios and going with DMR all the way.
http://forums.radioreference.com/digital-voice-amateur-use/259366-audio-quality-dstar-vs-p25-vs-dmr.html
From what I have experienced with D-Star you'll have to be next to the repeater if you have a handheld or if you have a mobile d star capable radio you'll have a better chance accessing the system. The audio is some what garble or R2/D2 robot voice when someone isn't close enough.
NXDN is popular in my area but when I try to talk to the locals on NXDN it's like talking to the dead silent but when someone else is talking everyone responds. Audio is nice.
Now for MotoTRBO aka DMR as it better known as for the past 5 months now I am happy that I made the switch to this digital mode. I currently own MotorolaXPR 5550 mobile & XPR 655o both 440mhz radios. I like the sound of DMR sounds good.
Haven't tried p25 as of yet.
1), and DMR/MOTOTRBO.
From my experiences, Kenwood's NEXEDGE (NXDN) and Icom's iDAS (also NXDN) sound very much like P25. The differences are subtle and it's hard to tell which sounds better or more natural sounding compared to the other. OTOH, DMR totally blows away P25 and NXDN, still sounding a little nasily but much more natural and less robotic than P25 or NXDN. It follows that DMR would also blow away D* in overall audio quality.
My vote for best digital 2-way communications audio is DMR.
Lately I've been selling off my Kenwood NEXEDGE (NXDN) digital radios and going with DMR all the way.
http://forums.radioreference.com/digital-voice-amateur-use/259366-audio-quality-dstar-vs-p25-vs-dmr.html
From what I have experienced with D-Star you'll have to be next to the repeater if you have a handheld or if you have a mobile d star capable radio you'll have a better chance accessing the system. The audio is some what garble or R2/D2 robot voice when someone isn't close enough.
NXDN is popular in my area but when I try to talk to the locals on NXDN it's like talking to the dead silent but when someone else is talking everyone responds. Audio is nice.
Now for MotoTRBO aka DMR as it better known as for the past 5 months now I am happy that I made the switch to this digital mode. I currently own MotorolaXPR 5550 mobile & XPR 655o both 440mhz radios. I like the sound of DMR sounds good.
Haven't tried p25 as of yet.
Compatibility between Yaesu's C4FM and Motorola "MOTOTRBO"
The Yaesu C4FM and MotoTRBO are not compatible. The Yaesu is C4FM FDMA while the TRBO is 2 slot TDMA. The Yaesu product is essentially a P25 digital type radio.
We have groups of folks here in Central Florida that are using both P25 and TRBO and having a lot of fun. I use both myself in amateur and professional capacities (I'm a field tech for the local Motorola shop here in Orlando). We also have a fairly active D-Star following here as well, but I also thought the cost was a bit prohibitive. I personally enjoy the TRBO operation. Using the IP Site Connect mode, there is world-wide coverage via FM repeaters. Plus, unlike D-Star, there are several manufacturers now producing TRBO/DMR radios, so prices are coming down. A company called Connect Systems is now offering a DMR radio for under $200.
We have groups of folks here in Central Florida that are using both P25 and TRBO and having a lot of fun. I use both myself in amateur and professional capacities (I'm a field tech for the local Motorola shop here in Orlando). We also have a fairly active D-Star following here as well, but I also thought the cost was a bit prohibitive. I personally enjoy the TRBO operation. Using the IP Site Connect mode, there is world-wide coverage via FM repeaters. Plus, unlike D-Star, there are several manufacturers now producing TRBO/DMR radios, so prices are coming down. A company called Connect Systems is now offering a DMR radio for under $200.
ABOUT THE NEW BATCH OF CHINESE DIGITAL RADIOS
A $200 DMR radio is just that, a bottom of the line product. You get what you pay for! The $200 DMR radio meets the needs of +95% of the world wide users for which the radio was designed (non-ham market).
The $800 (street price) DMR radio is better quality, better software, and better batteries. But it also NOT the quality of a $3,000+ radio used by many public safety organizations.
Even if you look at the typical Amateur Radio market radio from Yaesu, Icom and Kenwood; this is a wide range of radios for HF from bottom end models (<$1000) through radio retailing for over $15,000. Hams buy what they can afford, some start at the low end and upgrade if they can afford over time.
If you want a better quality DMR radio, buy a top of the line Mototrbo or Hytera. They cost about four times or more then the $200 radio and programming software will cost you extra. If you buy an XPR7550 at a ham friendly price (~$800), remember the programming software will cost you $260 for a three year subscription and you will need an $80 programming cable; you can even add on FPP (Front Panel Programming) for about $250.
The CS-700 created a large influx of new DMR users in the ham bands because of the price and willingness of Jerry to support the hobby by making the business decision to enter a new market.
Hams are typically cheap, they want low prices, quality service, and also seldom support the common infrastructure (aka repeater systems) they use. You have repeaters and networks to use because of the hard work of a few and the individuals who shoulder the expenses of operating and maintaining the infrastructure.
The $800 (street price) DMR radio is better quality, better software, and better batteries. But it also NOT the quality of a $3,000+ radio used by many public safety organizations.
Even if you look at the typical Amateur Radio market radio from Yaesu, Icom and Kenwood; this is a wide range of radios for HF from bottom end models (<$1000) through radio retailing for over $15,000. Hams buy what they can afford, some start at the low end and upgrade if they can afford over time.
If you want a better quality DMR radio, buy a top of the line Mototrbo or Hytera. They cost about four times or more then the $200 radio and programming software will cost you extra. If you buy an XPR7550 at a ham friendly price (~$800), remember the programming software will cost you $260 for a three year subscription and you will need an $80 programming cable; you can even add on FPP (Front Panel Programming) for about $250.
The CS-700 created a large influx of new DMR users in the ham bands because of the price and willingness of Jerry to support the hobby by making the business decision to enter a new market.
Hams are typically cheap, they want low prices, quality service, and also seldom support the common infrastructure (aka repeater systems) they use. You have repeaters and networks to use because of the hard work of a few and the individuals who shoulder the expenses of operating and maintaining the infrastructure.
Digital vs. Analog
If you are use to operating on analog FM repeaters, you will have noticed that the audio quality degrades as a station’s signal into the repeater (uplink) gets weaker; you start hearing an increase in noise bursts intermixed with the audio until the signal gets so weak that the station can no long access the repeater or you can not understand the audio because of noise. As you move further from the repeater you will start hearing the same noise bursts into your receiver as the repeater’s signal gets weaker (downlink) until you can no longer hear the repeater. A combination of a station’s weak signal into a repeater and a repeater’s weak signal to the listener can make the usability degrade faster.
The basic difference with digital repeaters is that the audio quality remains the same on the uplink and downlink until the very end of the coverage range; then the audio starts sounding broken (missing portions of the speech) on DMR systems caused by lost packets. The Internet can also drop the UDP packets used for moving traffic between repeaters and bridges, causing the same broken audio affect. Analog static is a thing of the past using DMR.
DMR has Forward Error Correction (FEC) which can correct small bit errors, slightly extending the usable range and improving communication quality.
Better quality receivers can operate at a lower noise floor, higher power transmitters, and higher gain antenna systems will also extend coverage of both analog and digital systems.
The basic difference with digital repeaters is that the audio quality remains the same on the uplink and downlink until the very end of the coverage range; then the audio starts sounding broken (missing portions of the speech) on DMR systems caused by lost packets. The Internet can also drop the UDP packets used for moving traffic between repeaters and bridges, causing the same broken audio affect. Analog static is a thing of the past using DMR.
DMR has Forward Error Correction (FEC) which can correct small bit errors, slightly extending the usable range and improving communication quality.
Better quality receivers can operate at a lower noise floor, higher power transmitters, and higher gain antenna systems will also extend coverage of both analog and digital systems.
What is DMR?
Digital Mobile Radio (DMR) was developed by the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) and is used worldwide by professional mobile radio users. [http://www.dmrassociation.org]
DMR is divided into three tiers. Tier I is a single channel specification originally for the European unlicensed dPMR446 service. It is a single channel FDMA 6.25 kHz bandwidth; the standard supports peer-to-peer (mode 1), repeater (mode 2) and linked repeater (mode 3) configurations. The use of the Tier I standard has been expanded into radios for use in
other than the unlicensed dPMR446 service. [http://www.dpmr-mou.org]
Tier II is 2-slot TDMA 12.5 kHz wide peer-to-peer and repeater mode specification, resulting in a spectrum efficiency of 6.25 kHz per channel. Each time slot can be either voice and/or data depending upon system needs. IP Site Connect (IPSC) for interconnecting repeaters over the Internet is vendor specific and is not part of the ETSI standards at this time. Most amateur radio implementations of DMR are using voice on both time slots.
DMR is divided into three tiers. Tier I is a single channel specification originally for the European unlicensed dPMR446 service. It is a single channel FDMA 6.25 kHz bandwidth; the standard supports peer-to-peer (mode 1), repeater (mode 2) and linked repeater (mode 3) configurations. The use of the Tier I standard has been expanded into radios for use in
other than the unlicensed dPMR446 service. [http://www.dpmr-mou.org]
Tier II is 2-slot TDMA 12.5 kHz wide peer-to-peer and repeater mode specification, resulting in a spectrum efficiency of 6.25 kHz per channel. Each time slot can be either voice and/or data depending upon system needs. IP Site Connect (IPSC) for interconnecting repeaters over the Internet is vendor specific and is not part of the ETSI standards at this time. Most amateur radio implementations of DMR are using voice on both time slots.
Vertex eVerge EVX-539 | Vertex eVerge EVX-534
Vertex EVX-539 Radio UHF Full Keypad [AC115U004-VX]
![Vertex EVX-539 Radio UHF Full Keypad [AC115U004-VX]](https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/blogger_img_proxy/AEn0k_tTWAvQicVTjzCymbbf8zJS2F9jt2TNb89St5bTEpVDHSyagRkrGpLo-cqlgBXmY04f4_5fsGs8SueYeW3cLPNgwV4sarUDW-VZ4xA1zJvWzUckhWIcuklb_DNVlxxkmU8RqSB6D8eJXfTO2aflcfZGiIh_kzcLMAP4DjUBWkftzEhxPXbinOE2RsrSggIClznB90-Q6lTMFXoQ-8yD7mBKawGXm674cknc=s0-d)
Vertex Standard eVerge EVX-539 Portable Radio Review
Vertex Standard EVX-539 DMR Radio Review - VA3XPR
- EVX-539 Radio with Display and Full Keypad
- 9 Programmable Keys
- Enhanced privacy
- IP Rating IP 57 (Water Proof)
- UHF (403-470 Mhz) - Ideal for Indoor Use
- Radio Technology - Analog & Digital
MSRP:
$540.00
Vertex Standard eVerge EVX-539 Portable Radio Review
Vertex Standard EVX-539 DMR Radio Review - VA3XPR
Tait TP9300 Digital Mobile Radio (DMR) Features - Tait Communications
The TP9300 is one of the most advanced portable radios in the market.
Ideal for professionals, we've chosen only the best features for radio
users. Tait Tough build quality, an enhanced vocoder, and easy migration
thanks to quad mode functionality. Each TP9300 is capable of analogue
conventional, MPT 1327, DMR Tier 2, and DMR Tier 3.
Review Connect Systems CS700 DMR Handheld
DMR I’m not going to explain in detail what DMR (Digital Mobile Radio) is, as there are many sources on the Internet that will do a much better job than I could.
Read More:
http://cs700dmr.blogspot.com
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